Advantages and disadvantages of common greenhouses

Greenhouse   The greenhouse of solar greenhouse is mainly divided into wall solar greenhouse and brick wall greenhouse. Wall daylight greenhouse   Application: the crops such as high value vegetables are cultivated in reverse season.    Specification: the span of the wall sunlight greenhouse is generally 10-15m. The wall structure is built by rolling and building with soil for many times. Generally, the 10-15 wire double anti dripping long-life film is used for covering. At present, the frame of the shed is mostly welded with full steel frame. Generally, the 4-6 Jin greenhouse thermal insulation quilt per square is used for the insulation material, and the curtain roller is used to pull the heat preservation quilt.    Advantages: low cost, good thermal insulation and heat storage effect in winter, low cost of later use and maintenance.    Disadvantages: the wall covers a large area, which affects the net planting area of the shed, and has certain requirements for soil quality; If the wall is not protected, it is easy to be washed by rain and snow, which will affect the service life.     Brick wall solar greenhouse   Application: vegetables, edible fungi, flowers, fruit trees and other cultivation.    Specification: the span of brick wall solar greenhouse is 8-16 meters, and its wall structure is made of red brick or concrete foam brick. The wall thickness is generally 0.37-1m. Other structures are basically the same as those of wall solar greenhouse, which are composed of all steel skeleton, covering film, thermal insulation quilt and roller curtain machine.    Advantages: the brick wall structure is durable and has a service life of 20-25 years; It is suitable for the construction of the area with complex geology, low water level and unable to build the wall.    Disadvantages: because of the brick wall structure, the cost of greenhouse is higher than that of the wall solar greenhouse, and the investment return period is longer.     New greenhouse    Application: it is used in high value added industries such as scientific research, breeding and seedling raising, exhibition, etc.    Specification: the overall structure is consistent with the traditional solar greenhouse, with a span of more than 15 meters. After wall is built, cement mortar is used to reinforce the wall; The frame of the shed is made up of hot galvanized rectangular pipe and snap spring groove, and the rest is the same as the greenhouse with wall.    Advantages: the wall is reinforced with cement mortar, which reduces the risk of collapse, and increases the durability and service life by more than 5-10 years; The film on the ceiling is fixed by the snap spring groove, and it is convenient to replace the film in the future; It has a large span and large space, and can be equipped with advanced equipment such as mobile seedling bed, mobile sprinkler irrigation and so on.    Disadvantages: the wall covers a large area and has a high cost, which reduces the cost-effectiveness of the greenhouse.     The comparison of three solar greenhouse shows that the cost of greenhouse with wall is lower, and the cost of later use and maintenance is low, which is the best one of the three solar greenhouse. For the land is abundant, the greenhouse of the wall can be selected for construction.   Single arch shed is also called arch plastic shed and spring and autumn shed. At present, it is mainly divided into three types: cement column arch shed, steel pipe simple arch shed and new high temperature arch shed. Among them, cement column and steel pipe arch shed belong to low temperature shed, which is suitable for spring and autumn production; The new high temperature arch shed has better effect of heat preservation and heat storage due to the increase of thermal insulation cotton quilt, which can meet the needs of low temperature crops in winter.    Cement column arch shed    Application: spring and autumn cultivation of economic crops such as vegetables and flowers.    Specification: the span of the arch shed of cement column is generally 16-24m. The skeleton structure is mixed with steel pipe and bamboo pole, and the 1 or 1.2 inch hot-dip galvanized steel pipe is the main arch frame, and the cement column is used as the support, and then the film of the shed is covered.    Advantages: the cost of this kind of shed is low, and the land use is relatively flexible. A large shed can be built on a small plot.   Disadvantages: because of the simple skeleton structure, the ability of anti wind and snow is weak; The interior has columns, which affects the internal operation space.     Steel pipe simple arch shed    Application: spring and autumn vegetables, fruits, flowers, edible fungi cultivation.   Configuration: the span is generally 8-14m, and the skeleton is all assembled and welded with hot galvanized steel pipe or rectangular pipe. Manual film winder and insect net are set on both sides of the greenhouse.    Advantages: low cost, high strength of the whole skeleton structure and high land use rate.    Disadvantages: the thermal insulation and heat storage capacity is weak, which can not meet the needs of winter production.     New high temperature arch shed    Application: crop cultivation with low temperature requirement in winter.    Configuration: the new high temperature arch shed is developed on the basis of simple steel pipe arch shed, with a span of more than 20 meters; Reinforced skeleton structure is adopted, generally, hot-dip galvanized steel pipe or oval pipe with 1.5 inch or more is used to process the skeleton; Two roller shutters are arranged on the top of the shed, and the ceiling surface is covered with special canopy thermal insulation quilt to improve the effect of winter shed insulation.    Advantages: large internal space, simple maintenance and operation, a certain insulation effect in winter, can be produced in four seasons.    Disadvantages: the cost is high, and it can only meet the growth demand of low temperature plants.     In summary, it can be seen that the arch shed has the advantages of low cost, high land use rate and easy management. It is suitable for the cultivation of spring and autumn vegetables, fruits, flowers, edible fungi and other crops. The high temperature arch shed can also be used for the winter cultivation protection of high-value-added crops such as meat plants and flowers.   The multi arch shed and the multi arch shed are constructed on the basis of single arch shed, which are generally divided into simple and high-rise arch shed. At present, the multi span arch shed is mainly used in breeding and breeding, flower production, aquaculture, medicine, edible fungus cultivation and other production greenhouse.    Simple arch shed    Application: spring and autumn high value vegetables, flowers, medicinal materials, edible fungi and other cultivation.   Configuration: the framework is hot galvanized rectangular pipe or round pipe, with gutter on the top and ventilation window, which is the same as the basic structure of arch shed.    Advantages: large internal space, suitable for large-scale and factory operation, high land use rate.    Disadvantages: the cost of the shed is high, the cooling efficiency in summer is low, and the drainage requirements are high.     High matching multi span arch shed    Application: three-dimensional cultivation, flower culture, aquaculture, seedling cultivation, scientific research, etc.    Specification: the high-level multi span arch shed is an upgrade version of simple greenhouse, which has added internal and external shading, cooling of wet curtain fan, ventilation of side window, temperature increase and heat preservation system.    Advantages: the problems of summer cooling and winter insulation are overcome, especially when double-layer film is added, the effect of heat preservation in winter greenhouse can be effectively improved and the operation cost in winter can be reduced.    Disadvantages: the cost of the shed is relatively high, and it is suitable for the industrial use with high economic benefits; Without adding double-layer film, the effect of winter insulation is relatively general.      Glass greenhouse    Application: three-dimensional cultivation, scientific research and seedling raising, ecological restaurant, leisure sightseeing and other greenhouse use.    Specification: the span is generally 9.6-12 meters, the opening is about 4 meters, and there are also improved continuous buildings with 16 meters span and 8 meters interval, but the greenhouse cost is high.   The basic configuration shall include cooling of wet curtain fan, fixed window ventilation, side window ventilation, external shading, internal shade insulation and heat preservation system. As required, such configuration as mobile bed, mobile sprinkler irrigation, three-dimensional cultivation, water and fertilizer system, photovoltaic system and intelligent control system can be added, which is unified use of all electric control, with high automation.    Advantages: beautiful appearance and high grade greenhouse; The whole steel frame structure, advanced design, strong anti snow ability, and service life of more than 25 years; The greenhouse has large operating space, which can be connected in large area, and is suitable for factory and large-scale production; The greenhouse automation degree is high, and the selection space can be expanded.    Disadvantages: the greenhouse cost is high and the investment cost is large; In winter, the need for thermal insulation facilities should be increased; Glass is a fragile material, which has safety risk in the process of use, and the cost of toughened glass is high, which is not widely used.     Sunshine plate greenhouse    Applicable: also suitable for three-dimensional cultivation, scientific research and seedling raising, ecological restaurants, leisure sightseeing and other greenhouse use.   Specification: the sunshine plate greenhouse and glass greenhouse are basically the same in structure, and they are intelligent greenhouse. The difference is only that the covering materials and the skeleton load strength are different.    Advantages: compared with glass greenhouse, the cost is lower; The quality of the sunshine board is lighter and the safety is higher; The heat insulation effect of sunshine board is better; The whole steel frame structure is durable and has a long service life.    Disadvantages: the light transmission efficiency of the sunlight board decreases with the use time; The sun plate needs to be replaced after aging seriously; In winter, heat preservation facilities need to be increased.